where did pidgin english originated from

#WHERE DID PIDGIN ENGLISH ORIGINATED FROM CODE#

Huber, 1999 on Ghanaian Pidgin English Elugbe and Omamor, 1991 and Faraclas, 1996 on Nigerian Pidgin English and Mbassi-Manga, 1973 and de Féral, 1989 on Cameroon Pidgin English), but also on our own research, which is based on dozens of interviews with speakers of West African Pidgin English. Considering differences on the phonetic, grammatical, and lexical level, we will draw from findings by other linguists who have investigated individual varieties of West African Pidgin English (e.g. Our paper is intended to be the first descriptive and systematic account of features that distinguish these varieties from one another. Ghanaian Pidgin English, Nigerian Pidgin English, and Cameroon Pidgin English, have been lacking so far, if one disregards the listing of diagnostic features in Huber (1999) and some implicit comparisons in Njeuma (1995). Similar efforts with respect to the national varieties of Pidgin English spoken in West Africa. Simo Bobda, 1995, 2000a, b, 2003 Simo Bobda et al., 1999), but also with the lexicon (Wolf and Igboanusi, 2003). In recent years, a number of studies on the national varieties of West African Standard English have taken a comparative perspective, mostly dealing with phonetics (e.g. Sections Four and Five critically assess pertinent issues of educational projects and propose a road map for the implementation of successful education projects. We then move on to provide a brief overview of educational projects involving Pidgins and Creoles around the world based on the available literature. In this chapter, we first discuss pertinent sociohistorical issues that have led to the current situation.

We also wish to discuss a list of procedures that are necessary for successfully developing, evaluating and reforming educational activities that aim to integrate Creole languages in a viable and sustainable manner into formal education. Second, it aims to critically assess and compare such activities in an effort to foster a better understanding of the issues involved. First, it aims to provide more detailed information than is currently available about several educational activities that seek to anchor Creoles in educational systems from a range of settings. The study concludes that the unique identities created by code-switching in Nigerian hip-hop have positive local and global influences for music and artists, and reflect the ethnolinguistic diversity of the Nigerian nation.

#WHERE DID PIDGIN ENGLISH ORIGINATED FROM CODE#

We also observe two major kinds of code-switching ones in which chunks of ideas in different languages feature in turns, (inter-sentential code switching) thereby producing switches at discourse boundaries and ones in which expressions from other languages are sandwiched between those of a dominant language (intra-sentential code switching). This makes the language the vehicle for the elaboration of themes within the songs. Our findings reveal that while most code-switching is done in three languages - English, Nigerian Pidgin and Yoruba - Yoruba plays a prominent role. The objectives are to examine the nature of the phenomenon of code-switching, to examine the reasons for code-switching, to discuss the stylistic effects of this trend, and to examine the implications of this practice for communication through music. We present code-switching in the lyrics of five Nigerian hip-hop musicians: Sunny Nneji, Weird MC, D'Banj, P Square and Styl Plus. In spite of the fact that most Nigerian hip-hop singers use English, they still try to identify with their roots by mixing English with their indigenous languages. While Nigerian scholars have examined code-switching in conversation and in literary language (Akere, 1980 Amuda, 1986, 1994 Goke-Pariola, 1983 O'Mole, 1987 Lamidi, 2004 Ayeomoni, 2006) this study presents a critical examination of code-switching in contemporary Nigerian hip-hop music.

Where did pidgin english originated from